Sash-fastener



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NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

TIIEODORE B. STEVENS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

SASH-FASTEN ER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Pateilt 616,027, dated December 13, 1898.

Application iiled August 23, 189.7. Serial No. 649,199. (No model.) I

' State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks for Sashes and Kindred Purposes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to locks adapted to be attached to window-sashes or other structures having relatively movable members and lock them together.

The object of the invention is to supply a neat and cheap lock which shall be very efficient in operation, possessing the capacity of being practically burglar-proof, and shall not be liable to get out of order.

The invention includes, in addition to the locking means proper, means for drawing together the two coperating members of the structure to which the lock is attached, thereby preventing looseness or play of the members from rendering the lock inoperative.

The invention consists of a pair of coperating casings and a locking member adapted to stand part in one casing and part in the other, and thereby lock the two together or to be withdrawn substantially entirely into one casing, (thus disengaging the casings,) combined with a permanent loose connection between the locking member and the casing, into which it may be withdrawn, whereby the locking member is prevented from leaving that casing after the movement thereof has entirely freed the latter.

The invention consists, likewise, of the means hereinafter described for accomplishing this object, for drawing the two members of the structure together, for preventing picking or tampering with the lock, and for generally increasing the effectiveness of the lock, all as enumerated in the claims. I do not wish to be understood, however, as limiting myself to the specific form shown further than the claims require.

The drawings show the best embodiment of my invention at present known to me.

Figure lis an end elevation of the lock attached to the meeting-beams of a pair of window-sashes. Fig. 2 is a vertical central section through the two members of the lock in the position shown in Fig. 1. Fig. Sis a similar section of the lock after the sashes have been separated. Figs. 4 and 5 are side elevations of the two coperating members of the lock, the former being the member shown at the right hand in the preceding figures and the latter being that at the left, the faces shown being opposite each otherin operation. Fig. 6 is a plan of the lock shown vin the preceding igures. Fig. 7 is a vertical central section of the lock as applied to a verticallyswinging window or similar structure.

In Figs. 'l to 6, inclusive, A and B represent the meeting beams of a pair of windowsashes, o and b respectively indicating the corresponding panes. Secured to the beam B by screws c or in other suitable manner is the casing C. The coperating casing (indicated by D) is attached by screws d or otherwise to the sash-beam A.

Cooperating recesses o and d are formed in the members C and D, respectively, as shown. The recess c is about twice as deep as the recess d', and a locking member E, which occupies the cavity furnished by these coperating recesses, is adapted to stand part in recess d and part in the recess c', vand thus lock the two members, or may be withdrawn entirely into the recess c', and thus free the members. This locking member is preferably in, the' form of a crowned ring, as shown, though it might be a plane cylinder'or sphere or other shaped body. The recess c inclines downward, so that this locking member E naturally rolls or passes to the lower end of this recess, and hence stands partially in it and partially in the recess d', which latter is made, preferably, just a little larger than half the locking member. The operationof the locking member E in locking the two members together when it stands partly in one casing and partly in the other and of freeing them when it is entirely within one casing will be readily understood. It will also be seen that when the locking member has the shape of a body of revolution it will roll by gravity to its lowest position, and that hence this is the preferred form in which to make it.

-Passing loosely through the hole e in the locking member and through the slots c3 in the casing C is the bail G, which is bent into the approximately square form shown and has its ends terminating in the knob or handle g. lVhen this bail is drawn upward, it withdraws the locking member from the locking position. After the locking member has been so withdrawn and the elevation of the lower sash frees the casing C from its copcrating casing the locking member rolls back to its former position, but the bail prevents it from passing out of this casing and holds it in position to properly engage the member D when the sash is lowered. To facilitate this engagement, I bevel the top surface of the casing D, as shown at cl2, and when the locking member strikes this bevel in the lowering of the beam B the bevel forces it into the recess c until that recess has come opposite the recess d', when the locking member passes by gravity as far as it can into the recess cZ, and hence lies in both recesses and prevents relative movement of the two casings and their attached parts.

I prefer to attach a cord or chain F (preferably a stout light fish-line) to the locking member, as shown in the drawings, and this cord, passing through a hole c2 in the casing C and hanging down, furnishes convenient means for withdrawing the locking member without the necessity of reaching up to the loek--a convenient feature on high Windows.

In order that the two sash-beams or other meeting members may be snugly drawn together by the lock, I provide the casings C and D each with a pair of cooperating beveled wings cA1 and (Z4, as shown. The casings are so placed with reference to the edges of the meeting beams that these bevels will have drawn these beams tightly together when they have come into their final position. In order that the wings c4 shall not be in the way of the upper beam of the top sash when the lower sash is elevated to its highest point, I set the casing C back on the beam B, as shown, the front edge of the wings c* being on aline with the edge of the beam B, and I make the casing D overhang its beam a corresponding amount, cutting a channel b into the beam B to receive this overhanging portion. The upper portion of this channel I make of substantially the same width as that of the casing D from the outside of one wing d4 to the outside of the other, while the lower portion is beveled outwardly, as shown at b2. This outward bevel allows play for the sash crosswise of the window without rendering the lock inoperative, while it and the upper portion of the channel insure the casings C and D coming into proper longitudinal position. I prefer to line the channel b with a plate II, having lianges h, as shown, and secured by screws h or in other proper manner. I also prefer to round off the corners of the wings d, as shown at d3, so that they may easily engage the beveled sides of the channel at b2.

In order to minimize the danger of any drilling instrument inserted in the channel b being forced through the bottom of the casing D into the recess d and thereby affording means for ejecting the locking member from the recess CZ', I form the overhanging portion of the casing D with the bevel d5 on its under side, which stands in the channel b and guides such drilling-tool to the front edge of the casing and away from the recess d'. To prevent such drilling instrument from bepassed into the recess d' through the sash member A, I form a bevel d back of the bevel d5 and at right angles thereto. This bevel occupies a recess formed for it in the sashbeam A and operates to deliect the drillingtool passed up through that sash member. Thus the sash-lock is rendered practically burglar-proof.

In operation when the sashes are closed the locking member E stands as shown in Fig. 2 and the sashes are locked. fhen it is desired to elevate the lower sash, the bail G is lifted or the cord F is pulled, withdrawing the locking member into the recess c', and if it is desired to use both hands in raising the sash the locking member may be retained in that position by hooking the ring f, formed on the cord F, on a pin (Z7, which projects from the base-plate of the casing D. The locking member being now withdrawn from the casing D, the lower sash may be elevated. This elevation causes the ring f to pass off of the pin d?, thus freeing the locking member, which as the member clears the casing D rolls back into its former position, as shown in Fig. 3, the bail G preventing it from passing out of the casing. When the lower sash is drawn down, the locking mem ber E strikes the bevel d? and rolls back into the recess c', and when the latter has come opposite the recess CZ' passes partly into that recess, and thus locks together the casings and with them the two sashes.

Fig. 7 shows the lock as applied to a window hinged at its top and closing when swung downward into a vertical position. Here A/ represents the window, and l5' the sill. Secured to these, respectively, are the casings C and D', which correspond to the similar easings applied to the sashes and hereinbefore described. E represents the locking member, and G the lifting and retaining bail. As the window isbeing closed the locking member engages with the bevel d8 on the casing D and is forced up into the casing C', and as the recess in the latter comes opposite that in the casing D' passes partly into the casing D, as shown in the figure, and locks the two parts together, and thereby holds the window closed. When it is desired to open the window, the bail is simply raised, thus withdrawing the locking member from the casing D'.

It will be understood that the particular application of my lock which I have shown is simply illustrative and that it is adapted for many similar uses.

I am aware that it is old to lock sliding doors by means of a pair of cooperating cas IOO IIO

ings and a locking memberI adapted to stand entirely within one casing or part in one and part in the other; but the prior devices wit-h which I am familiar have not been adaptable for use on the meeting beams or sashes or as a swinging window or door lock, for they have no means for withdrawing the locking mem'- ber from one casing into the other and for retaining it in the latter in proper position for rengagement after that casing has become entirely free. Neither have such prior devices had the cooperating bevels or the burglar-proof features which I have shown and described.

In those claims herein where reference-letters are used I mean to include such construction as is shown in Fig. 7, where the claims can be read upon that figure, though for convenience of description I have given different exponents to the reference-letters when used on that figure.

Having described my invention, I claiml.. In a lock, a pair of cooperating casings having recesses therein, a ring or roller adapted to stand substantially entirely within one casing or partially within each casing, the recess in one casing being large enough to receive only a portion of the ring or roller and in the other casing to receive substantially the whole of it, slots through the side walls of the latter casing and a bail extending into said ring or roller and having portions which lie in said slots, substantially as described.

2. In a lock, in combination, a casing, a recess thereinof substantially semicircular cross-section, a coperating casing inclosing by its top, bottom, sides and back a recess which is substantially U -shaped both in horizontal and vertical cross-section, said casings being adapted to iit snugly together and thus substantially inclose a joint continuous recess the ends of which are substantially semicircles and the sides straight lines, a ring or roller within such joint-recess adapted to have relative movement therein and when at one end of the recess being in both casings and when at the .other end entirely wit-hin one casing, means for withdrawing the ring or roller into the recess in the latter casing, and means for preventing the roller passing entirely from the U-shaped recess when the casings are separated, substantially as described.

3. In a lock, in combination, the following parts substantially as shown, viz., rst, a casing C inclosiug by its top, bottom, sides and back a recess c' which is of substantially U integral; second, a casing D having a recess therein of less depth than the recess in casing C, having a plate at its base extending outwardly in each direction by which it may be secured to a member of a structure, wings d4 carried by said casin g at its sides and having beveled faces, said parts being all made integral; third, a roller within the casing C and adapted toV stand substantially entirely Within that casing or partly within that casing and partly within the casing D; and, fourth, suitable means for withdrawing said roller substantially entirely into the casing C and for holding it from leaving that casing whenthat casing is separated from the casing D, substantially as described.

4t. In a'locl, in combinaton, a casing C, a coperatin g casing D, each of said casings having recesses, a roller E Within the recess in the casing C and adapted to stand substantially entirely within that recess or partly in that recess and partly in the recess in the casing D, bevels on the outside of the casing D at its base running in two directions at an angle to each other as at d5 and d whereby a tool passed up to the base of said casing will be deiiected, and suitable means for withdrawing the roller substantially into the casing C and for preventing it from passing from that casing when the casings are separated, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a pair of meeting beams A B, between which there is a relative up-and-down movement, and a lock adapted to be attached to the top of said beams, the portion of the lock attached to the beam B standing back from the edge thereof and the portion attached to the beam A projecting beyond its edge and the edge of the beam B, there being a channel h in the beam B to allow the passage of the overhanging portion IOO attached to the beam A, the upper portion of said channel being substantially the width of that overhanging portion and the lower portion, of the channel being wider, whereby the channel draws the beam A into proper position laterally as it rises, and means for connectin g together the two portions of the lock, substantially as described.

6. In a lock, in combination, the casing C, the casing D, the locking member E, said casing C having a recess large enough to receive the locking member and having a hole c2 at the back of the recess, and said casing D having a cooperating recess large enough to receive only a portion of the locking member, and the cord or chain F attached to the locking member and passing through the hole c2 in the casin g C and furnishing means for Withdrawing the locking member into the latter casing, there being means for limiting the outward movement of the locking member from that casing, substantially as described.

7. In a lock, in combination, a casing C, a casing D, the locking member E, said casing C having a recess large enough to receive the locking member and said casing D having a cooperating recess only largeenough to receive a portion of the locking member, said casing C having slots c3 through its sides and a hole c2 through its back, a bail G passing through said slots and into the locking member and furnishing means for preventing the latter from leaving the casing C, a cord or chain F attached to the locking member and passing through the hole c2 and furnishing means for withdrawing the looking member into the casing C, substantially as described.

S. In a lock, in combination, the casing D having the recess d', the pin (Z7, the casing C having the recess c and the hole c2, said recesses CZ' and c being of substantially the 

